An Israeli unexploded ordnance detonated in the evening of October 3, 2024, inside the destroyed College of Science and Technology in Khan Younis. 3 casualties were reported, all children: one child was killed on the spot, another succumbed to his wounds on October 6. **Names of the martyrs:** 1. [Zein Halawa](https://x.com/Hamzaalnamla1/status/1841878565056360821) 2. [Jad Samir Halawa](https://x.com/Qadeyah1/status/1843019369263304869)

On October 3, in the evening, an Israeli airstrike targeted a bustling café in the Al-Hamam neighborhood of Tulkarm camp, killing and wounding over 20 victims. Most of the victims were mangled according to witnesses and footage showing body parts being collected in a cardboard box. A volunteer paramedic who was present at the scene said that there were **15 to 20 people at the cafe** when it was struck, and that **all of them were killed**. In addition, the **house in front of the cafe was also damaged**. The ambulance crews saw corpses shredded or dismembered including children and elderly. Some hanging on power cables. The paramedic added that **only 5 of the martyrs still had whole bodies**. Casualties were rushed transferred to Thabet Thabet Governmental Hospital. [Source](https://x.com/observrwestbank/status/1841945062327890129) Among the dead were members of the resistance and members of the Abu Zahra family, who lived in the apartments above the cafe, were also killed, including two children [Source](https://x.com/jvplive/status/1842301957089955865) One of the victims was a promising young football midfielder of Tulkarm Centre Majdi Salem. Raising the death toll to 313 footballers killed by Israel. The first in the West Bank. [Source](https://x.com/AbubakerAbedW/status/1842302988293144823) A **GBU-39 SDB** (Small Diameter Bomb) was used as fragments of its thermal battery and components of the tail actuation section were found on the scene. Theis the **same type of bombs extensively used by Israel in its genocide in Gaza**. [Source](https://x.com/Easybakeovensz/status/1842594040250024029) **Names of the martyrs:** 1. Ghayth Badie Radwan (20 y/o) 2. Zahi Yasser Oufi (40 y/o) 3. Ayman Khaled Tanaji (31 y/o) 4. Asim Nu'man Qozah (22 y/o) 5. Anwar Muhammad Musaimi (35 y/o) 6. Ahmed Jamal Obaid (35 y/o) 7. Omar Namir Fayat (29 y/o) 8. Mohammed Mamoun Anbas (16 y/o) 9. Mohammed Tahseen Khalil (31 y/o) 10. Majdi Jamal Salem (19 y/o) 11. Basel Mahmoud Zaher Nafie (18 y/o) 12. Mohsen Ghazi Dabaya (23 y/o) 13. Rawan Jawad Ghanem (31 y/o) 14. Mohammed Salah Abu Zahra (32 y/o) 15. Saja Nasser Kharyoush (28 y/o) 16. Karam Abu Zahra (child) (8 y/o) 17. Sham Muhammad Abu Zahra (7 y/o) 18. Atheer Al-Wisi (28 y/o) 19. Mahmoud Nasser Kharyoush (23 y/o) 20. Rakan Bilal Awad [Source 1](https://x.com/hassaneslayeh/status/1842128732900729296) [Source 2](https://nabd.com/s/144029691-3d2032/أسماء-الشهداء-الذين-ارتقوا-بمجزرة-الاحتلال-في-مخيم-طولكرم،-يوم-أمس-الشهيد-القائد-غيث-بديع-رضوان-.-الشهيد-القائد-زاهي-ياسر-عوفي.-الشهيد-أيمن-خالد-طنجي.-الشهيد-عاصم-نعمان-قوزح.-الشهيد-أنور-محمد-مسيمي) [Source 3](https://www.youm7.com/story/2024/10/4/كتائب-القسام-تعلن-استشهاد-زاهى-ياسر-عوفى-قائد-حماس-بطولكرم/6730334) As the funeral took place in Tulkarm marches broke out across the West Bank condemning the massacre. **UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres statement** He "has strongly condemned the killing of several Palestinians, including women and children, who died when a residential building in Tulkarem camp in the West Bank was hit by Israeli airstrikes on Thursday night." [Source](https://news.un.org/en/story/2024/10/1155371) The Israeli army confirmed the strike and said it was a joint operation carried out by the Shin Bet internal security service and the air force, according to a brief statement by the military. **PHOTOS:** - [Portrait of siblings Sham and Karam](https://x.com/ayman_abed93/status/1841958031212355982) - [Portrait of siblings Sham and Karam] (https://x.com/KhaledYousry22/status/1841953631970447554/photo/1) - Father holds his slain daughter Sham Zahra [1](https://x.com/quds_feed/status/1841970984191983841) [2](https://x.com/Sa7atPlBreaking/status/1841984532834115729) - [Body parts collected in cardboard box](https://x.com/sameh2655014316/status/1841931846902546841/photo/1) - [Aftermath of the massacre](https://x.com/Hakeam_ps/status/1842223380457468006)

Around [4pm](https://x.com/Hamzaalnamla1/status/1841465201264054609), an Israeli air strike targeted the UNRWA Nuseirat Elementary School (B) in the new camp in Al-Nuseirat in the central Gaza Strip. Footage shows the traces of a bomb that penetrated floors of the school all the way to the ground floor. Three martyrs were recovered, and more than 15 injured people arrived at Al-Awda Hospital in the camp. Serious injuries were transferred to Al-Aqsa Martyrs Hospital. A weapons expert noted a GBU-39 Small Diameter Bomb was likely use [Source](https://x.com/Easybakeovensz/status/1841790288223699006)

In the evening of October 1st, 2024, an Israeli airstrike targeted the vicinity of the Al-Sawarha school, in the Al-Sawarha area of Nuseirat, central Gaza. 10 people were reported killed, along with many injuries including children. Among the victims, 6 people form the Hasbullah family were killed. [Names of the martyrs](https://x.com/Qadeyah1/status/1841359863479247311) 1. Shahatah Jumuaa Hasbullah 2. Mahmoud Shahata Hasbullah 3. Adnan Hassan Hasbullah (child) 4. Mohammed Adnan Hasbullah 5. Israa Adnan Hasbullah 6. Sabry Omar Hasbullah **PHOTOS:** - [View of the aftermath in the next morning](https://x.com/qudsn/status/1841379549201715315) - [Injuries transported to hospital](https://x.com/PalpostN/status/1841192714676945037) - [Casualties being treated in hospital](https://x.com/SafaPs/status/1841195009481048404) - [Portraits of the Hasbullah family martyrs](https://x.com/Qadeyah1/status/1841526537474212194)

On october 2, during the night Israeli forces airstrike al-Amal orphanage in the Rimal neighbourhood, in the West of Gaza-City. Israeli fighter jets have reportedly bombed the al-Amal Institute for Orphans, which was serving also as a shelter for displaced individuals in western Gaza City, according to the Wafa news agency. Many dead and injured, including women, children, and the elderly, were brought to the emergency departments of Al-Ahli and Al-Shifa Hospitals. [source](https://x.com/fnaim65/status/1841309761272172587) **Civil Defense Service** The agency said five people lost their lives when Israeli forces struck Al-Amal Orphanage. Several other children were seriously injured in the attack, according to the source. Witnesses said that civil defense teams were searching all the night through the rubble for survivors. Israel has systematically targeted civilian facilities, including schools, hospitals and places of worship, as part of its ongoing offensive on the Gaza Strip, claiming they were the "command center of Hamas", without any proof. Under the rules of war, targeting such civilian facilities can constitute a war crime. **testimony of Haj Fadl Jaafar, 75 y/0** “We were sleeping and suddenly we were targeted, children who had no control over themselves. "... Haj Fadl Jaafar, 75, speaks about the targeting of the Al Amal Institute for Orphans and the martyrdom of his two grandchildren - Tariq Ahed Fadl Jaafar 15 - Al-Mu'tasim Billah Hazem Fadl Jaafar 15 [Source](https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/at-least-10-killed-in-israeli-strikes-on-facilities-sheltering-displaced-gazans/3348533) Geolocation| Aftermath of an Israeli airstrike on the Al-Amal Institute for Orphans, Rimal, Gaza City, North #Gaza 5 people were reportedly killed. 31.520033, 34.449392 @GeoConfirmed Photos: https://t.co/KUdA4yubzh https://t.co/8gqNSvVxPT

On October 2, around 1 am, Israel bombed the Musqat School, in Tuffah neighborhood of Gaza City, northern Gaza. [Two witnesses](https://x.com/Snd_pal/status/1841392128221474976) recounted that the school was struck with **four bombs**. The tail actuation section of a Small Diameter Bomb (SDB)/GBU-39 was found on the scene. Hours later, reports attributed to the Civil Defense stated that the death toll reached 25 and dozens of injuries.

UNIFIL has been active in south Lebanon since 1978, primarily to monitor ceasefires and facilitate humanitarian access.Any deliberate attack on the UN personnel and property is a grave violation of international humanitarian law and of Resolution 1701. Israel has accused UNIFIL of failing to enforce Resolution 1701, which calls for a ceasefire and Hezbollah's disarmament. Israeli officials argue UNIFIL has not adequately restrained Hezbollah, while experts counter that both sides have violated the resolution's terms. Israeli leaders have expressed frustrations, calling UNIFIL a “human shield” for Hezbollah. Prime Minister Netanyahu has called for UNIFIL's withdrawal, stating it enables Hezbollah’s operations. Israeli rhetoric increasingly portrays UNIFIL as colluding with Hezbollah, feeding into a “dangerous and inaccurate” anti-UN narrative. This perception may impact future peacekeeping stability in the region. While heavy Israeli airstrikes have devastated southern Lebanon, flattening towns, killing over 2,574 people, and injuring more than 12,000 as of October. A leaked report shows Israel’s use of incendiary white phosphorus near UNIFIL bases, injuring 15 peacekeepers. Other reported incidents include direct fire on UNIFIL positions, demolitions of observation towers, and forcible entry into UNIFIL compounds. Rights groups warn that Israel's actions could amount to war crimes. UNIFIL has been active in south Lebanon since 1978, primarily to monitor ceasefires and facilitate humanitarian access. [Source](https://www.newarab.com/analysis/why-unifil-are-crosshairs-israels-war-lebanon)  ## Chronology Chronology of important events from October 1 to October 20, 2024, regarding the incidents involving Israeli Defense Forces (IDF) and the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL) ### October 1, 2024 Israel begins an invasion of Southern Lebanon, accompanied by airstrikes targeting locations throughout Lebanon. UNIFIL Non-Intervention: UNIFIL forces do not intervene and remain in their positions. ### October 4, 2024 IDF Orders Irish UNIFIL Withdrawal: IDF requests Irish UNIFIL personnel to vacate a position; both UNIFIL representatives and the Irish government decline. ### October 9, 2024 Disabling of UN Surveillance Systems: IDF soldiers reportedly disable video surveillance, lighting systems, and a radio repeater at UNIFIL bases UNP 1-31 and UNP 1-32A in South Lebanon through small arms fire. ### October 10, 2024 IDF Fires on UNIFIL Positions: Israeli troops open fire on three UNIFIL positions, including the main base in Naqoura. Two Indonesian peacekeepers are injured when an Israeli tank fires on an observation tower. IDF demands the immediate withdrawal of all UNIFIL personnel within 5 km of the Israel-Lebanon border; contributing countries decline the request. ### October 11, 2024 IDF attacks the Naqoura base again, injuring two Sri Lankan peacekeepers and damaging the perimeter wall. UNIFIL bases suffer heavy damage during clashes between IDF and Hezbollah. International Condemnation: France, Italy, and Spain release a joint statement condemning the attacks; the U.S. government calls on Israel to cease attacks on UNIFIL bases. UN Response: The United Nations terms the incident a "serious development." ### October 12, 2024 Another Indonesian peacekeeper is injured by Israeli fire. Condemnation by 44 Nations: Poland, joined by 43 other countries, condemns Israel’s attacks on UNIFIL, calling for a halt to attacks and protections for UN personnel. Countries include the UK, Germany, France, Italy, India, and others. ### October 13, 2024 Two IDF Merkava tanks reportedly breach a UNIFIL position, destroying the gate and staying for 45 minutes despite objections. Within an hour after the tanks depart, white phosphorus munitions are fired within 100 meters of the base, injuring 15 peacekeepers. Further International Condemnation: 40 countries issue a joint statement condemning the IDF's actions against UNIFIL personnel and positions. ### October 18 Peacekeepers in [Meiss ej Jebel](https://x.com/UNIFIL_/status/1847729428475892187/photo/1) ran out of water after weeks without resupply. Access to positions near the Blue Line has been tough. While most positions have enough food and water for over 10 days, this one hadn’t received supplies since 29 Sept due to blocked roads. After delays from clearing the roads due to active fighting and warnings from the IDF of military activities, the position was finally resupplied on October 18 with food, water and essentials, allowing peacekeepers to continue their work. ### October 20, 2024 Attack on UNIFIL Base in Marwahin: IDF attacks a UNIFIL base in Marwahin, demolishing an observation tower and perimeter fence with a bulldozer. ### October 22, 2024 On 22 October, peacekeepers on duty at a permanent observation post near Dhayra were observing IDF soldiers conducting house clearing operations nearby. Upon realizing they were being observed, the IDF soldiers fired at the post. The duty guards withdrew to avoid being shot. [Unifil statement](https://unifil.unmissions.org/unifil-statement-25-october-2024) :* "The IDF has repeatedly demanded that UNIFIL vacate its positions along the Blue Line and has deliberately damaged camera, lighting, and communications equipment at some of these positions. Despite the pressure being exerted on the mission and our troop-contributing countries, peacekeepers remain in position and on task. We will continue to undertake our mandated tasks to monitor and report. We remind the IDF and all actors of their obligations to ensure the safety and security of UN personnel and property. Any deliberate attack on them is a grave violation of international humanitarian law and of Resolution 1701."* ### November 7, 2024 A UNIFIL convoy bringing newly-arrived peacekeepers to south Lebanon was passing Saida when a drone strike occurred nearby. Five peacekeepers were lightly injured and treated by the Lebanese Red Cross on the spot. They will continue to their posts. The Lebanese Army also confirmed three of its soldiers at the nearby checkpoint were injured. [source](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_Interim_Force_in_Lebanon) ## **2026 Events** In March 2026, in the broader context of renewed Israeli hostilities against Iran and Lebanon—targeting both armed groups and civilian populations—UNIFIL once again came under pressure and attack. **UNIFIL statement (04 March 2026)** "UNIFIL notes with serious concern the latest Israel Defense Forces (IDF) statement demanding evacuation of the civilian population from UNIFIL’s area of operations to north of the Litani river. UNIFIL also observed new rounds of rockets and missiles from Lebanese territory into Israel in violation of Security Council Resolution 1701. Within the area of operations, peacekeepers observed today several IDF movements and military activities, including near El Khiam, Beit Lif, Yaroun, Houla, Kfar Kila, Kherbeh and Kfar Shouba. All of these are happening while Israeli airstrikes and other air activities continue. These not only violate Resolution 1701, but also Lebanon’s sovereignty and territorial integrity. UNIFIL peacekeepers remain on the ground and on task in south Lebanon and along the Blue Line. Given the complexity of the situation, they have adapted their activities in support of Resolution 1701, including, where possible, facilitation of humanitarian support and protection of civilians. The mission’s civilian footprint will be adjusted accordingly. UNIFIL reiterates its call to all actors to exercise maximum restraint and redouble efforts to prevent the current situation from spiraling out of control." **On 6 March 2026,** three UN peacekeepers were injured when their UNIFIL base in southern Lebanon (Qawzah) was hit during heavy fighting between Israel and Hezbollah. The affected troops belonged to the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL) and the Ghana Armed Forces contingent. Two soldiers were critically injured, and part of the base, including the officers’ mess, was destroyed by fire after missile strikes. While the source of the attack was not confirmed and is under investigation, Joseph Aoun, president of Lebanon, accused Israel of targeting the peacekeepers. Emmanuel Macron, president of France, condemned the incident as an “unacceptable attack” on UN forces. **UNIFIL Statement (6 March 2026):** "Amidst heavy firing this evening, three peacekeepers were injured inside their base in Al Qawzah, southwestern Lebanon. The most severely injured has been transferred to hospital in Beirut for treatment. The two others are being treated in a UNIFIL medical facility. A fire on the base has been extinguished. UNIFIL will investigate the circumstances of this terrible event. It is unacceptable that peacekeepers performing Security Council-mandated tasks are targeted. We strongly remind all actors of their obligations under international law to ensure the safety and security of UN personnel and properties at all times. Any attack on UNIFIL peacekeepers constitutes a grave violation of international humanitarian law and of the Security Council Resolution 1701 and may amount to a war crime." ## Casualties: There is no single official cumulative figure published publicly by the UN, but from documented incidents since 7 October 2023 we can identify several confirmed cases of injured United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL) peacekeepers in southern Lebanon. Confirmed incidents: 1) 28 October 2023 – Houla (South Lebanon) :1 UN peacekeeper injured after two mortar shells hit a UNIFIL base. Occurred during early Israel–Hezbollah border clashes following the Gaza war. 2) 30 March 2024 – Southern Lebanon border patrol: 3 UN military observers (from the UN Truce Supervision Organization) and 1 Lebanese translator injured when a shell exploded near their patrol close to the Israeli border. 3) 10 October 2024 – Southern Lebanon: 2 UNIFIL peacekeepers injured when an Israeli tank fired at an observation tower, causing them to fall. 4) 11 October 2024 – Naqoura: 2 Indonesian peacekeepers injured after Israeli tank fire hit a UNIFIL position. 5) 13 October 2024 – Ramyah UNIFIL post: 15 UN peacekeepers injured after Israeli tanks forced entry into a UN position and fired rounds nearby, causing smoke and chemical irritation in the camp. 6) 29 October 2024 – UNIFIL headquarters, Naqoura: 8 peacekeepers wounded when a rocket struck the UN headquarters compound. UNIFIL said the rocket was likely fired by Hezbollah or an affiliated group. 7) 6 March 2026 – Qawzah (Bint Jbeil District): 3 UN peacekeepers from Ghana injured when missiles struck their battalion headquarters during heavy fighting between Israel and Hezbollah. Approximate total: From the documented incidents alone, at least about 31 UNIFIL peacekeepers have been injured in southern Lebanon since October 2023. 3 UN observers and 1 Lebanese translators.

**On October 1**, 2024, Israeli occupation forces besieged the Balata refugee camp east of Nablus, leading to the murder vof young Diyaa Dweikat amidst a state of tension and violent clashes. On the morning, a special force infiltrated Balata camp in Nablus. The Israeli military operation completely closed off the entrances to the camp, preventing residents from entering or leaving, which directly impacted the lives of civilians. During the hours of the siege, thousands of school students were trapped inside their schools, unable to return home due to the deteriorating security situation. Schools closed their doors as a precautionary measure to protect the students from tear gas and live ammunition fired by Israeli forces around the camp. A Palestinian child was shot in his leg. Israeli forces inflicted dammages on ambulance vehicles and directly opened fire on their crews while they were rescued the civilian injured. They were lightly wounded by these attacks. **Clashes and aftermaths** The forces was rained heavy gunfire by Palestinian resistant, resulting in one soldier being critically injured and three being moderately injured, according to the Israeli occupation army spokesman. Israeli military rescue helicopters were seen near Nablus amid the clashes, likely to transport wounded soldiers. **Name of the martyrs** - Diyaa Dweikat - Abdul Hakim Shaheen **Sources :** [1](https://www.middleeasteye.net/live-blog/live-blog-update/israeli-forces-kill-palestinian-nablus-raid-amid-heavy-clashes)

Minutes before [11pm](https://x.com/ShehabAgency/status/1841205786019602851), an Israeli airstrike targeted the house of the Ghattas family on Nadhir street, in Shujaiya neighborhood of Gaza City. About two hours later, Civil Defense 8 people were [confirmed](https://x.com/ShehabAgency/status/1841221981628203278) to have been killed in the assault. Footage shows Civil Defense retrieving the shred remains of a child's body. Footage from the aftermath in morning showed the [bodies of 12 people](https://x.com/Sa7atPlBreaking/status/1841393688913592503) from the Habib family being laid before their funeral.

On October 1, during a surprise Israeli assault on Khan Younis, the house of Al-Agha family where the al-Zard family was sheltering was struck. The house was located directly next to the Ma'an station, east of Khan Yunis. This is the family of **journalist Ahmed al-Zard**, cameraman for the Al-Kufiya channel in southeastern Khan Younis. **Casualties:** - 3 injuries: Ahmed Al-Zard, his mother and brother were injured - 4 members of the family were killed: Ahmad's brother, uncle, and two cousins. During the whole night of October 1 and until the dawn hours, Israeli offensive prevented ambulances from reaching several besieged houses that were bombed by the IDF, including Al-Zard family. The family remained besieged for many hours. [Source](https://x.com/DahliaDou/status/1841207063310897551) [Photo of mourning](https://x.com/QudsNen/status/1841460493459804281) **Names of the martyrs:** 1. Abdul Karim Salama Al-Zard 2. Dr. Majd Mohammed Al-Zard 3. Mohamed Ramadan Al-Zard 4. Hanan Al-Zard [Source](https://x.com/Hamzaalnamla1/status/1841217860909351276) [Source](https://www.middleeasteye.net/news/deadliest-morning-gaza-weeks-fresh-israeli-assault)