Since the October 7 outbreak of clashes between Gazan armed groups and the Israeli army, the Israeli army and settlers have launched continuous attacks on Palestinians. In Jericho, Qalqiliya, Ramallah, Hebron/Al-Khalil, Nablus and occupied East Jerusalem, raids and armed attacks by settlers have continued over the past three days. - At least 16 Palestinians have been killed between October 7 and October 10. - The Israeli army has indeed carried out raids throughout the West Bank and in the various neighborhoods and localities of occupied East Jerusalem. Around and within occupied East Jerusalem, attacks and confrontations with the population emerged from the first hours of the Israeli offensives. - In Jabal Mukkaber, in Issawya in the Old City and in the Shuafat refugee camp, clashes broke out between the population who came to show their solidarity with the Gazans under the bombs and the Israeli troops. - Scenes of clashes were reported from the vast majority of Palestinian neighborhoods in occupied East Jerusalem. This was particularly the case in the Shuafat refugee camp during the evening of October 8. ### On September 18, - a Palestinian child was killed evening by Israeli soldiers.The Palestinian News Agency (WAFA) reported, quoting local sources, that a special unit of the occupation army stormed the camp to carry out an arrest campaign,** and fired live bullets at citizens, killing a child, Hani Al-Karr**i, who succumbed to his critical chest injury, and the injury of a young man. - The sources added that the Israeli forces sent military reinforcements to the camp, which led to the outbreak of confrontations, during which the occupation soldiers fired bullets, sound bombs and tear gas, noting that the occupation forces arrested five young men from the camp. - With the martyrdom of the Palestinian child, the death toll in the West Bank, including occupied Jerusalem, since October 7, 2023, has risen to 707, including 161 children, 10 women and 9 elderly people. (QNA)

On February 17, Israel has sentenced 15-year-old child Mohammad Basil al-Zalbani, from Shuafat refugee camp in occupied East Jerusalem, to 18 years in prison and fined him 250,000 shekels (or to pay 300,000 shekels ($83,333) in compensation according to Palestinian Prisoner Society) Arrested at 13, he has been detained since Feb 2023. Israel accuses him of involvement in a soldier's death. His family's home was also demolished in November 2023. Palestinian Prisoner Society said Zalbani was arrested on Feb. 13, 2023, on charges of resisting the Israeli occupation. The boy, who has been detained for 2 years, was charged with the killing of an Israeli soldier. Zalbani was accused of involvement in the killing of an Israeli soldier at a checkpoint in the Shu’fat camp in 2023. However, the soldier was killed by his colleague's gunfire, and not by Zalbani. The Jerusalem District Court also ordered Mohammed Basel Zalbani, from the Shu’fat refugee camp, east of occupied East Jerusalem, to pay 300,000 shekels ($83,333) in compensation, the Palestinian Prisoner Society said in a statement. "The court convicted Muhammad Zalbani, who was 13 years old at the time, of aggravated murder for stabbing Staff Sgt. Asil Sawaed, 22 at a checkpoint near the Shuafat refugee camp." In Augustus 2023, Amnesty International has condemned Israel’s “punitive” demolition of Palestinian child detainee’s home, stressing he is being punished for a fault he did not commit. In a report the rights group said that the Israeli Supreme Court had approved “the punitive demolition of the family home of a 13-year-old Palestinian boy who has spent the past six months in pre-trial detention on unfair charges.” “In February 2023, Mohammed Zalabani stabbed an Israeli border police officer on a bus at a checkpoint in the Shu’afat refugee camp in occupied East Jerusalem. He was overpowered, but moments later a private Israeli security guard accidentally shot the officer dead.” According to Amnesty, the autopsy confirmed that the Israeli officer was not killed by the Palestinian child, who was charged with his murder, and is now awaiting trial in a juvenile facility.

## A. The murder **On 11 May 2022**, Al Jazeera American-Palestinian reporter Shireen Abu Akleh and a group of five other journalists arrived at Balat Al Shuhada’ street in Jenin to report on a raid on the nearby refugee camp by the Israel Defence Forces (IDF). The journalists wore prominent ‘PRESS’ vests that identified them as such, from both the front and back, and followed standard protocols for self-identification as they slowly approached a convoy of five armoured Israeli military vehicles parked along an unnamed street intersecting Balat Al Shuhada’. The Israeli army vehicles were approximately 200 metres south of the journalists. **The journalists present during this incident were:** 1° **Shireen Abu Akleh** (fatally hit in her head) 2° **Shatha Hanaysha** (first eye witness under the fire standing near Shireen when Shireen was shot and killed) 3° **Ali Al-Samoudi** (injured in the shoulder) 4° **Mujahid al-Saadi** 5° **Muhannad Nairoukh** 6° **Majdi Bannoura** **At 6:31 AM**, an **Israeli army special forces marksman** (different from ‘snipers’, they are part of a standard fighting squad: their task is to target shots more accurately than regular troops using guns having a bio-pod and an optical scope such as Trijicon ACOG x4) fired the first burst of six bullets directly at the group of journalists from a sniper hole in the military vehicle at the front of the Israeli army convoy. One of the shots **hit journalist Ali Al-Samoudi in the shoulder**. **Eight seconds later**, as the journalists attempted to take cover, the Israeli army marksman fired a second burst consisting of a further seven distinct gunshots, once again targeting the journalists. One of those bullets **hit Shireen Abu Akleh in the head**, fatally wounding her. **Two minutes later**, an unarmed civilian, Sharif al-Azab, attempted to deliver first aid to Shireen, and he, too, **was fired at with three distinct gunshots**. See the **[Timeline of the incident reconstructed by Forensic Architecture](https://forensic-architecture.org/investigation/the-extrajudicial-killing-of-shireen-abu-akleh-extended-report/#anchor-6)** She was transported to [Ibn Sina Hospital in Jenin](https://www.middleeasteye.net/news/israel-palestine-al-jazeera-journalist-shireen-abu-akleh-shot-dead-jenin), where she was pronounced dead, at the age of 51. The injured journalist, Ali Samoadi, of the Al-Quds newspaper, was shot in the back but survived. ## B. The aftermath of the murder ### On May 11, 2022 : The Israeli military and [Israel's US embassy tweeted a video of Palestinian gunmen in Jenin firing down an alley](https://x.com/naftalibennett/status/1524300920959508484), suggesting they were responsible. However Israeli NGO B'Tselem visited the scene where that footage was taken, and said it was impossible for Abu Akleh to have been hit from there. ### On May 13, 2022 : Abu Akleh’s body was brought from Jenin, where she was killed by Israeli forces on Wednesday, to Jerusalem via Nablus and Ramallah, in a procession where Palestinians paid their respects. Palestinian Authority President Mahmoud Abbas has said that he would take Abu Akleh’s case to the International Criminal Court in an effort to get justice for the veteran reporter, who joined Al Jazeera in 1997, and was an icon in Palestine and the wider Arab world. In a scene that violates all norms and International laws, the Israeli occupation forces stormed the French Hospital in Jerusalem and attacked the mourners of the late Shireen Abu Akleh at the start of the funeral procession. They severely beat the pallbearers of the late journalist. Israeli forces beat crowd of mourners carrying coffin of Shireen Abu Akleh ahead of funeral in the Old City of occupied East Jerusalem. Thousands of Palestinians have gathered for the funeral service, before Abu Akleh is taken to the Mount Zion Protestant Cemetery, where she will be buried alongside her late parents. Sources [1](https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/5/13/mourners-bid-farewell-to-journalist-shireen-abu-akleh-live-news) [](https://www.aljazeera.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/INTERACTIVE-Journalists-killed-by-Israeli-forces-1.png?w=770&resize=770%2C770&quality=80) ## C. Independant Forensic Architecture Investigation ### General conclusion of the investigation : 1) The journalists were clearly identifiable as press/non-combatants to the Israeli army marksman. 2) The Israeli army marksman deliberately and repeatedly targeted Shireen and her fellow journalists with the intention to kill. 3) The attack on Shireen and her journalist colleagues occurred during a period without risk to the Israeli army marksman’s life or that of other soldiers. There were no shots other than those of the Israeli marksman fired at the time and no armed individuals in the vicinity of the journalists. 4) Shireen was deliberately denied first aid after being shot by the Israeli army. News agencies, rights groups and the United Nations have all conducted investigations into her killing and concluded that Abu Akleh was killed – likely deliberately – by Israeli troops. ### Conclusions of [Audio and acoustic analysis](https://content.forensic-architecture.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/2022.11.02_Final-Audio-and-Acoustic-Analysis-SAA-Report.pdf) | Gunfire *before,during and after the killing of Shireen Abu Akleh by Researcher in charge: Dr. Lawrence Abu Hamdan:* The shooter fired a semi-automatic weapon from approximately 180 metres away from Shireen Abu Akleh. This shooter pulled the trigger on seven separate occasions within two seconds making the claim that at no point was there any intentional gunfire carried out by IDF soldiers in a manner intended to harm the journalist” highly improbable. All gunshots audible in the 2 minutes prior to the killing of Shireen Abu Akleh are fired from the same position. No other shots in this recording are firing towards the military position from the the vicinity of Shireen Abu Akleh and her colleagues. This report finds no evidence to support the claims that life-threatening, widespread and indiscriminate shots were fired toward IDF soldiers.” The journalist was not “present in the area during an exchange of fire. . [The online report with videos](https://forensic-architecture.org/investigation/shireen-abu-akleh-the-targeted-killing-of-a-journalist) [the PFD Complete report](https://forensic-architecture.org/investigation/the-extrajudicial-killing-of-shireen-abu-akleh-extended-report/) [](https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FdImqLUXEAYqzil?format=jpg&name=4096x4096) ## D. International statements **On October 13, 2022 UN human rights experts** [have condemned the killing](https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/5/13/un-experts-condemn-shireen-abu-aklehs-killing-demand-probe) of Al Jazeera journalist, Shireen Abu Akleh, and called for a prompt, transparent, thorough and independent investigation into her death. *“The killing of Abu Akleh is another serious attack on media freedom and freedom of expression, amid the escalation of violence in the occupied West Bank.(...) We demand a prompt, independent, impartial, effective, thorough and transparent investigation into the killing of Shireen Abu Akleh, in full compliance with the Revised United Nations Manual on the Effective Prevention and Investigation of Extra-Legal, Arbitrary and Summary Executions (The Minnesota Protocol on the Investigation of Potentially Unlawful Death). We urge the Israeli and Palestinian authorities and other stakeholders to cooperate with such an investigation."* **Powerful statement by Shireen Abu Akleh’s family** saying they are “incredulous” after the State Department released its finding, calling it “insulting to Shireen’s memory.”  ## E. Further linked incidents againt press freedom and Shireen Memory Her funeral was [assaulted by Israely Security Police](https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/5/13/mourners-bid-farewell-to-journalist-shireen-abu-akleh-live-news)throughout the procession in Jerusalem, with the coffin bearers being violently beaten with batons and prevented from moving forward. The coffin nearly fell to the ground multiple times. All of these scenes were filmed and broadcast around the world. The White House denounced the violence as “deeply disturbing.” Her memorial, located at the site where she was killed, was desecrated by Israeli forces during a raid in Jenin in October 2023. A D9 Caterpillar bulldozer was used to clear the road and destroy the street mural commemorating her.  *Picture: Samar Hazboun for The New York Times* During the Israeli raid on the Al Jazeera office to shut it down in September 2024, the poster in memory of Shireen that adorned the façade was immediately removed and torn apart in full view of the cameras. Her colleagues, and particulary Shatha Hanaysha, were subjected to threats and attempts on their lives while covering stories. On September 19, 2024, Israeli forces [violently arrested](https://x.com/DropSiteNews/status/1839358600449290417) prominent Palestinian journalist Mujahed al-Saadi, breaking into his home in the middle of the night in Jenin, an illegally occupied part of the West Bank. Al-Saadi had been present when the IDF shot and killed Shireen Abu Akleh in 2022 and had recently reported for Drop Site during Israel’s brutal 10-day siege of Jenin. ### The U.S. protection of the Israel impunity: “U.S. Assessment of Israeli Shooting of Journalist Divided”: On June 20, 2022, The NYT published an investigation showed that there were no armed Palestinians near her when she was shot. It contradicted Israeli claims that, if a soldier had mistakenly killed her, it was because he had been shooting at a Palestinian gunman. This investigation also showed that 16 shots were fired from the location of the Israeli convoy, as opposed to Israeli claims that the soldier had fired five bullets in the journalists’ direction. However, on July 2022, a State Department statement claims that the damage to the bullet made it difficult to draw a definitive conclusion about the gun it was fired from. But shots fired from the position of the Israel Defense Forces were “likely responsible for the death,” U.S. officials “found no reason to believe that this was intentional but rather the result of tragic circumstances during an I.D.F.-led military operation,”. The Israeli government had cast doubt on that, saying that she was hit by either an Israeli soldier or a Palestinian gunman. Israeli officers have said that an Israeli soldier from Duvdevan, an elite unit, fired in Ms. Abu Akleh’s direction, but that it was impossible to determine who shot her without examining the bullet. The New York Times revealed on Monday morning, October 27, 2025, new details regarding the killing of journalist Shireen Abu Akleh, who was shot dead by Israeli forces in 2022. According to the report, a U.S. Army colonel stated that the official U.S. assessment of the killing of Palestinian-American journalist Shireen Abu Akleh in 2022 was “deliberately softened” to avoid a diplomatic dispute with Israel, as reported by the Israeli newspaper Israel Hayom. The report added that some U.S. officials involved in reviewing the circumstances of the incident reached the conclusion that the shooting of Abu Akleh was intentional. The U.S. government conducted a review into the shooting of a journalist by Israeli forces. The assessment concluded that gunfire from Israeli military positions was “likely responsible” for the journalist’s death. However, American officials also stated they “found no reason to believe” the shooting was deliberate or constituted a policy of targeting journalists. The division among U.S. analysts and the qualifier “likely responsible” highlight the difficulty in attributing full accountability or intent in the circumstances.

At midday, an Israeli drone airstrike targeted the Abu Mazid family house in the town of Zawayd, central Gaza, killing four men from the family. **Names of the martyrs:** 1. Abdullah Hussein Abu Mazid 2. Muad Fouad Abu Mazid 3. Ahmad Fouad Abu Mazid 4. Ali Fawzi Abu Mazid

Around 1:30 pm, an Israeli airstrike targeted the Suwairki family home on Moshtaha Street in Shujaiya neighborhood, east of Gaza City. Six people were killed, including three children and two women. **Names of the martyrs (identified):** 1. Mirfat Al-Suwairki 2. Farah Al-Suwairki (Mirfat's daughter) 3. Mutayam-billah Muhammad Al-Suwairki -child) 4. Hala Muhammad Al-Suwairki (child) 5. Sohad Al-Suwairki (Sources: [1](https://x.com/F24online/status/1874419788791107981) [2](https://x.com/refugeesps/status/1874445816703901870) [3](https://x.com/Qadeyah1/status/1874547060613304634)) **Photos** 

## **2026** **On 8 March,** two Palestinians are shot dead at a close range in the head by Israeli settlers in Abu Falah, in the occupied West Bank. Another Palestinian is killed after Israeli soldiers throw smoke grenades during the attack. **On April 16,** a new illegal outpost was established near the village of Abu Falah **On April 17,** Israeli settlers set fire to an agricultural room in the Ezbet Abu Omar area near Abu Falah village. 3. At 18:00, the Israeli forces stormed the villages of Al-Mughayir and Khirbet Abu Falah, where confrontations took place with citizens, while they were patrolling the village of Khirbet Abu Falah. They fired stun grenades and tear gas towards citizens, under the pretext that they had been stoned. **On April 18,** at 19:00, a group of settlers in the Al-Badoud area, north of the village of Khirbet Abu Falah, rebuilt the tent that was demolished by the occupation forces on the 17th. 04. 2026. At 22:00, a group of settlers entered the outskirts of the village of Khirbet Abu Falah, and set fire to an agricultural room (Ezbet) of the citizen Muhammad Rizq Omar Hamayel, and also opened fire randomly at the citizens, while they were trying to put out the fire. **On April 19, 2026**, Israeli settler raided Abu Falah. Residents posted messages on social media pleading for assistance from their neighbors as the attack unfolded, with Palestinians having little means of protection against such attacks. When Israeli troops arrived at Abu Falah, they arrested residents rather than the assailants, who had already managed to return to neighboring illegal outposts. The IDF said it was looking into the matter, but did not provide further information as of Saturday evening. At 13:40, a group of settlers were present in the area between the villages of Al-Mughayir and Khirbet Abu Falah, and attacked a citizen’s vehicle passing by the place, and also attempted to attack citizens’ homes on the outskirts of the village of Al-Mughayir. t 14:00, the occupation forces, in the area between the villages of Al-Mughayir and Khirbet Abu Falah, fired stun grenades and tear gas towards citizens, under the pretext that they had been stoned. At 13:55, the occupation forces stormed the village of Khirbet Abu Falah, and raided and searched a number of homes. At 22:10, a group of settlers entered the outskirts of the village of Khirbet Abu Falah, and attacked two citizens Muhammad Farah Atta and Basil Hassan Nazih.

Asira al-Qibliya is a Palestinian village south of Nablus, near settlements such as Yitzhar, and has a long history of settler-related clashes and arson attacks.S ettler attacks on Asira al-Qibliya have been repeatedly documented over many years, involving arson, stone-throwing, and raids on farmland and homes, often linked to settlers from nearby outposts such as Yitzhar, with limited legal accountability reported.

Israeli terror in Khirbet Rujm al-'Ala (Khirbet Rujum Ali) **On January 25, 2026:** Israeli settlers assaulted a child and attempted to run over several others in Masafer Yatta, south of Hebron, on Sunday evening. Two children and a woman were evacuated to the hospital, and four sheep were stolen. According to residents’ testimonies, Shimon Atiya and other settlers invaded Palestinian lands with their livestock, they hit 13‑year‑old boy and broke his leg. They attacked 12-year-old Salah Ismail Al-Hadra, causing bruises and other injuries. He was taken to Yatta Governmental Hospital. Afterwards, Shimon used an ATV to chase Palestinian shepherds and struck another boy. Both children were evacuated by ambulance to the Hospital in Yatta. In addition, one woman was hospitalized after settlers sprayed her with pepper spray The settlers also stole four sheep after deliberatly mixing their flock with the Palestinians'. Eventually soldiers expelled the Palestinian residents from their cultivated land using stun grenades.

The Khallet El-Natsh area is a hill-land / grazing area east of Hebron (near the Avigayil settlement), often used by local Palestinian families for agriculture and herding. The Hebron area and South Hebron Hills (including Masafer Yatta and surrounding “Khallet” communities) have been repeatedly affected by settler violence and clashes with Palestinian residents. These include physical assaults, land access restrictions, property damage, and attacks on farmers and herders. ### Timeline of events: **On September 22, 2025**, Israeli settlers set a vehicle on fire and spray-painted slogans calling for revenge on walls at dawn in the Khallet al-Natsh area near the village of Bani Na'im. **On November 6, 2025**, the child Adam Hijazi Al-Shantir was injured after being assaulted by the Israeli settlers in the Khallet Al-Natsh area of Hebron, West Bank. Israeli settlers threw stones at residential houses in the Khallet al-Natsh neighbourhood, in east Hebron, and struck the young boy in the face. He was taken to hospital for treatment. **On December 6, 2025,** a group of Israeli settlers from the Avigayil settlement (an outpost east of Hebron) attacked Palestinian residents in the Khallet El-Natsh area. During that incident, settlers severely beat members of the local Idrees family, resulting in bruises and injuries that were treated on the spot;

E1, is a 4.5-square-mile (12-square-km) area of land in the West Bank, east of Jerusalem, that the Israeli government plans to develop as part of the Maʿale Adumim settlement and thereby connect one of its largest settlements to Jerusalem. Observers widely believe that construction on the site complicates the viability of a two-state solution to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. **On August 19, 2025,** Israel’s government, led by Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and driven by Finance Minister Bezalel Smotrich, with support from National Security Minister Itamar Ben-Gvir, advanced the long-controversial E1 settlement plan, widely seen as fatal to the two-state solution. The plan предусматривает 3,401 housing units in the E1 corridor between Ma’ale Adumim and Jerusalem, effectively cutting the West Bank in two and severing territorial continuity between Ramallah and Bethlehem, making a viable Palestinian state geographically impossible. An additional 3,515 units were announced in the nearby Tzippor Midbar area. Although the project must still pass through Israel’s formal planning procedures, the government has accelerated implementation, approving major infrastructure investments, including a 335 million-shekel road project and water-infrastructure relocations by Mekorot. Smotrich has framed the initiative as part of a policy of “de facto sovereignty” over the West Bank. Long opposed internationally and repeatedly stalled since the 1990s, the E1 plan has been revived amid the Gaza war, shifting geopolitical conditions, and a coalition openly committed to settlement expansion and annexation. Critics argue the move entrenches territorial fragmentation, forecloses future negotiations, and delivers a decisive blow to the possibility of Palestinian statehood.  ## **E1 Settlement Project Timeline (West Bank)** **1991:** The idea for development in E1 (East 1) — a strategic area east of Jerusalem between Ma’ale Adumim and Jerusalem — is first conceived during the government of Prime Minister Yitzhak Shamir. **Mid-1990s:** The plan is discussed under Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin as part of settlement expansion strategies. **2003–2005:** Prime Minister Ariel Sharon advances E1 planning in the context of the broader peace process, but work is frozen in 2005 under pressure from the United States and objections from the Palestinian Authority. **2012:** Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu revives the E1 plans in part as a response to the UN’s recognition of Palestine as a non-member state. However, strong international opposition (including from the US) leads to the plans being shelved again. **2020:** Netanyahu announces intentions to push ahead with the E1 project and publishes planning deposits for housing units — a first phase in the approval process — but progress remains limited. **2022:** The plan is reportedly postponed again, with US pressure cited as the reason, and objections remain unresolved. **Early 2025:** Under the wide-right coalition led by Netanyahu with Finance Minister Bezalel Smotrich, the government revives the E1 plan with increased political will. **August 14, 2025:** The Civil Administration’s Higher Planning Committee gives final approval to the controversial E1 settlement plan — about 3,400 housing units — between Jerusalem and Ma’ale Adumim. Smotrich publicly frames the move as undermining the possibility of a Palestinian state. **August 15, 2025:** Germany officially urges Israel to halt the E1 settlement construction, warning it will divide the West Bank and violate international law. **August 21–22, 2025:** he United Nations calls on Israel to abandon the E1 project, warning it would cut the West Bank in two and undermine the two-state solution. The EU and 21 countries jointly condemn the plan. **September 12, 2025:** Prime Minister Netanyahu signs an agreement to expand the E1 settlement, reaffirming that the move reinforces Israeli control and stating “there will be no Palestinian state.” **December 10, 2025:** Israel’s Land Authority issues tenders for construction of 3,401 settler homes in the E1 area, marking the transition from planning to execution and signaling operational momentum. **January 7–13, 2026:** Sources report that construction of a bypass road (“sovereignty road”) and preparatory infrastructure work in E1 is set to begin; critics emphasize that this further cements facts on the ground and threatens the territorial contiguity of a future Palestinian state. **January 18, 2026:** The E1 project, after decades of planning, obstacles, and political debate, has final approval, issued tenders, accelerated preparatory steps, and soon-to-start construction — widely seen as drastically reducing the feasibility of a contiguous Palestinian state.